西班牙建成欧洲最大的方舱医院，可容纳5500人_浙江考研英语_双语经济学人

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　　今天给大家带来的内容是：西班牙建成欧洲最 大的方舱医院，可容纳5500人

　　(本文选自《经济学人》20200328期)

　　背景介绍：

　　随着新冠病毒的全球肆虐，欧洲多个国家遭遇了疫情的重创，其中以意大利和西班牙最为严重。疫情的肆虐也导致医疗资源严重不足，而疫情爆发中心马德里的许多医院已经是人满为患了。在这样的背景下，西班牙在首都马德里建立了欧洲最 大的方舱医院，最多可容纳5500名患者。

　　Spain has suffered more covid-19 deaths than any country save Italy

　　西班牙已成为除意大利外新冠肺炎死亡人数最多的国家

　　With its carefully spaced empty white beds laid across the dark floor, the pavilion of Madrid’s exhibition centre looked like an installation left over from last month’s contemporary art fair. In fact it is a field hospital, set up by the army in 18 hours on March 22nd.

　　马德里会展中心的黑色地板上精心布置着一张张白色的空床，看上去就像是上个月当代艺术博览会所遗留下来的展柜。但这实际上是一家由军队在3月22日用不到18个小时建成的方舱医院。

　　Three days later it housed more than 300 coronavirus patients, and was being expanded to take up to 5,500. It is the front line in what Spain’s Socialist prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, has called “the most serious situation the country has faced since the civil war”.

　　三天后，这家医院收治了300多名新冠肺炎患者，并且进一步将规模扩大至最多可容纳5500名患者。这便是西班牙首相、社工党人士佩德罗·桑切斯所说的“西班牙自内战以来所面临的最严重的一场危机”的前线。

　　After Italy, Spain is the country worst hit by covid-19, with 49,515 cases and 3,647 dead as of March 26th, with both numbers still rising steeply. It has now overtaken China on the death count. Officials see this week as crucial.

　　西班牙是继意大利之后受新冠病毒影响最为严重的国家，截至3月26日，该国感染病例和死亡病例分别已达49,515例和3,647例，并且仍在急剧增加。目前，西班牙新冠肺炎死亡人数已经超过了中国。官员们认为，本周将是至关重要的一周。

　　With the health system in Madrid, the centre of the outbreak, close to breaking point, the government hopes that a state of emergency and lockdown imposed on March 14th will ensure that the peak of infection will pass by the end of the month. Whatever happens, Spain’s economy is heading for deep recession. Its prized health system faces criticism.

　　随着疫情爆发中心马德里的卫生系统已经濒临崩溃，政府希望3月14日所宣布的国家进入紧急状态以及所实施的封锁措施能够确保西班牙在月底之前度过疫情爆发的顶峰。但无论如何，西班牙都将陷入严重的经济衰退。其备受赞誉的医疗体系也将遭受斥责。

　　This week a spectral parliament agreed to extend the state of emergency until Easter. Mr Sánchez has rejected calls from some regional governments to tighten the lockdown further. This already confines most Spaniards to their homes, with no outdoor exercise allowed.

　　本周，议会同意将紧急状态延长至复活节。但桑切斯拒绝了一些地方政府所要求的进一步加强封锁的呼声。如今大多数西班牙人已经被限制在家中、不允许进行户外活动了。

　　It has shut most shops and all bars, restaurants and hotels, but allows factories, farms and building sites to continue. The prime minister notes the restrictions are among the most severe in Europe; tightening them would have an even bigger impact on livelihoods.

　　西班牙已经关闭了大多数商店以及所有的酒吧、餐馆和酒店，但仍然允许工厂、农场和建筑工地继续开工。首相指出，放眼欧洲，这已经是最严厉的限制措施了;进一步封锁将会对民生产生更大的影响。

　　The priority now is to get through the health crisis. There are several pressure points. Hospitals and their intensive-care beds in the capital are all but full. As well as the new field hospital, the government has commandeered a dozen hotels for patients with milder symptoms and has ordered private hospitals to admit patients from the public system.

　　当务之急是如何应对这场公共卫生危机。西班牙面临着诸多压力。在首都，医院(特别重症监护室的床位)已经是人满为患了。除了新建的方舱医院外，政府还征用了十几家酒店用以收治轻症患者，同时还下令私立医院也要收治来自公共医疗体系的病人。

　　Spain’s outbreak has several peculiarities. The high death rate is partly because the virus has cut a swathe through nursing homes, many of which lack medical staff. Spaniards are more tactile than north Europeans and interact much more with older and more vulnerable relatives.

　　西班牙的疫情爆发有这么几个特点。死亡率较高，这在一定程度上是由于病毒在养老院的肆虐，而许多养老院都缺乏医护人员。此外，相比北欧人，西班牙人更喜欢肢体接触，他们与年长体弱的亲人也会有更多的互动。

　　It is also because the government and health services, which are decentralised to regional administrations, were slow to react, with almost no testing until long after the virus had gained a hold.

　　另一个原因是，由于权力下放至地方，政府和卫生部门面对疫情反应迟钝，直到病毒已经蔓延开来才开始开展病毒检测。

　　Only now have 650,000 test kits arrived, with another 1m on the way. “The lockdown is very important, but not enough,” says Daniel López-Acuña, a former official at the World Health Organisation. “It has to be backed up with testing.”

　　目前已有65万份检测试剂就位，另有100万份仍在途中。世界卫生组织前官员丹尼尔·洛佩斯·阿库尼亚说：“封锁很重要，但远远不够，还需要辅以病毒检测。”

　　(红色标注词为重难点词汇)

　　重难点词汇：

　　contemporary [kənˈtempəreri] adj. 当代的 n. 同代人

　　commandeer [ˌkɑːmənˈdɪr] vt. 征用;霸占，没收;强取

　　peculiarity [pɪˌkjuːliˈærəti] n. 特性;特质

　　vulnerable [ˈvʌlnərəbl] adj. 易受攻击的;易受伤害的

　　decentralise [,di:'sentrəlaiz] vt. 分散;分权

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